Issues relating to the definition of the truth, laws and forms of thinking have interested people since ancient times. Kant and Aristotle were two philosophers who gave their definitions of these issues. Although the problems were the same, the philosophers represented different approaches to their solution.
Aristotle created the doctrine of the forms of comprehending the truth of thought though the logic. The human mind, according to him, was regarded to be a special mechanism. In order for the science of logic to be applied, it must be based on the continuing existence. The truth is regarded to be the highest form of existence. Individual, perceiving the truth, is closer to the perfect being.
Kant evaluated these issues differently. According to him, the truth is “subjective” by nature, and the focus during the study of truth should be placed on the evaluation of the life by the individual himself. There can be no universal criterion of truth. Everything that an individual has – here Kant agrees with Aristotle – is the formal laws of logic. However, Kant argued that these laws are based on the a priori forms of reason. Kant’s concept of human comprehension of the world on the basis of the a priori forms of reason allowed philosophers to overcome the deadlock the philosophical though encountered.
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Kant and Aristotle may be regarded as very similar; they both believed that human mind can know objective knowledge. However, Aristotle viewed human mind as capable of getting to know real world that exists outside of itself. Kant asserted that the world an individual objectively perceives is made up of the sense data. Therefore, our knowledge is limited to our senses. Besides, Kant and Aristotle had different views on the moral education. For Kant, it was a matter of talk, but for Aristotle it could be achieved though action.
Thus, even though Kant and Aristotle had different approaches, they made great contribution to the general analysis of the given issues. Aristotle and Kant held key positions in the development of philosophical knowledge. Study of Aristotle's formal “objective” laws of thought led to the creation of the science of logic that remains unchanged to this day. Kant’s theory of the laws and forms of comprehending the truth of thought led to the idea of unknowable “things in themselves” that made it impossible to define a general criterion of truth.