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Virtue ethics is a form of ethical theory relies on the concept of virtue or moral actions its fundamental principle (Guha, 2008). Most of the prevailing theories about ethics makes the code, good or right the primary principle. Virtue ethics plays an important role in giving these principles a derivative status. In this case, a lot of emphasis is based on an individual’s character. This is because character shapes an individual’s actions which are in agreement with the states of character, instead of a different basic principle upon which practical judgments can be dawn (Guha, 2008). Therefore, the fundamental thing about ethics is the provision it gives us on making choices of what should be done and what needs to be avoided. Ethics provides us with moral principles or universal rules that govern our character and actions. For instance, everyone is obligated to do that which will achieve the best for the greatest number.
Application of Virtue Ethics in Healthcare Reforms
The application of ethical issues relating to clinical practice and health care needs that health care providers be trained on how to handle ethical dimensions of clinical problems. Health care providers have to understand the moral theories as well as the ethical framework that positively influences health care practice (Anderlik, 2009). A major reform in the health care system will rank as one of the most comprehensive in social legislation. This means that not can be done without being clear about the moral foundations. These foundations are basically three. The first being that health care is a fundamental need for everyone; second is that health care is not the only fundamental good needed by any individual and lastly is that health care is a public good (Anderlik, 2009).
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Healthcare reforms acknowledge that good health is necessary for good life. This implies that proper health care is not an optional requirement. With good health being is a fundamental good, the following moral principles are necessary to be followed. First, any health care system must offer universal accessibility (Guha, 2008). The application of virtue ethics implies that everyone should be in a position to access health care regardless of their financial strains or other possible barriers. Governments should boost the confidence of its citizens assuring them of availability of health care services. The second moral aspect in health care is that the system should be comprehensive. This means that the benefits associated with it must meet the full range of health care needs. Medical systems should be in a position to offer a range of services from primary to preventive plus long term care in addition to acute care (Guha, 2008). These include home and hospital care as well as care for the mentally ill and physically sick patients. Finally, health care virtue ethics calls for fair treatment of everyone. This suggests that the cost and burdens of health care should be one that everyone in the entire community can afford.
Application of Care Ethics in Health Care Reforms
Application of care ethics in health care reforms calls for review of various issues in health provision. The first care ethics is that the patient is still in control of his or her own health care decisions (Lachman, 2009). This is because the field of bioethics has for long stood to champion the rights of individuals. The implication is that each individual has been empowered to make his or her own decisions in regard to their healthcare in consultation with physicians in a given health issue (Lachman, 2009). For example, the American Medical Practice recognizes the right of individual’s in making decisions in regard to their personal health care.
In addition, care ethics in health care reforms increases the chances of patients getting good medical care with reduced costs. Furthermore, this ethical care will reduce medical practice errors that have resulted to death of thousands of patients in the hands of physicians (Patel & Kushefsky, 2006). Care ethics in health care reforms is focused in offering a coherent approach in the delivery of medical care aimed at controlling costs and at the same time maintaining the quality that citizens in any state expect and deserve to get. Another care ethics that needs to be applied in health care reforms is the proposed approach aimed at bringing reforms in the support of individuals plus their families in making decisions regarding end of life institutionalization process (Patel & Kushefsky, 2006). This is applied to patients as well as their families in order to express their wishes to their physicians and their health care providers. This right needs to be defended in all aspects of life in older individuals who seriously need end of life care. End of life care is as critical to quality health care as decisions made by individuals in consultation with their families and health care providers.
Why Care Ethics in Health Care Reforms is the Strongest
Care ethics reforms in medical profession are the strongest because it will allow for increased coverage since the patients that lack insurance covers will be in a position to access good health care. In addition, the ethical approach gives a comprehensive and competitive insurance industry. This is beneficial owing to the fact that newly formed public entities make the entire industry more competitive (Lachman, 2009). Furthermore, insurance companies are expected to accept everyone due to the fact there are no pre-existing conditions that are exclusive because there are no longer limits on coverage.
The approach of care ethics is coming out strong because it will make health care affordable to employers, as well as employees (Guha, 2008). The implication is that people from almost all classes can secure health care services and live their lives longer. In addition, care ethics in health care reforms is the strongest because physicians have come to recognize that the high cost of medical health is a major stumbling block to many citizens today. It is also a barrier to the passage of health care reforms legislations that would otherwise extend the coverage to many citizens that lack it (Anderlik, 2009). Because physicians are aware that patient’s lives are exposed to risks due to lack of insurance as well as timely and basic medical care, they have been in the fore front in the implementation of the care ethics reforms in health care units. Moreover, the heath care providers have taken responsibility in ensuring that this approach is successful. This is through their commitment in ensuring that a patient’s interest and autonomy is given the first priority. Again, physicians are playing a leading role because they are taking their responsibility professionally and not as a business.
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Conclusion
Health care reforms have proved to be a threat to the already intensified tension that most medical practitioners are facing in their quest to balance traditional responsibilities. This is being done to an individual patient against the pressure mounting on them to serve the society and institutions at large. The reforms are aimed at heightening ethical concerns in the health care coverage. Moreover, debate is very important in the expected content of both the physician and the organizational ethics for the reformation of heath care to be complete.