Nutrient pollution of water sources is the aspect of water being contaminated by nutrients rather. Taking the example of nitrogen and phosphorous, they are some of the best examples of nutrients which may adversely pollute water. As a matter of fact, nitrogen is part and parcel of every living cell. It is also a part and parcel of all proteins, enzymes and metabolic processes in photosynthesis. It is responsible for the rapid growth of plants contributing to the leaf quality as well as forage of crops (Plant Nutrients, 2010).
On the other hand, phosphorous like nitrogen is essential in photosynthesis and it contributes to the rapid growth of plants. It encourages root growth and blooming. Nitrogen and phosphorous are two nutrients commonly present in fertilizers and their presence in water in excess leads to water pollution (NSW Government, 2009). Therefore, nutrients are chemicals that organisms need to live and grow as well as being essential in the metabolic processes. In an ecosystem, nutrients are used by organisms to live and grow while facilitating the metabolic processes. In essence, nutrients in an ecosystem combine with water in the soil, get transported through the roots of the plants to other parts and then passed through food chain to consumers who then eat each other.
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In line with this, eutrophication is the increased concentration of nutrient content to an extent that the primary productivity of water body increases. In other words, it is the great increase of phytoplankton in a water body (Eutrophication, 2010). It is important to note that, nutrients can easily become pollutants in water. In this sense, they become pollutants owing to the amount available. Some sources of water body nutrient pollution are nutrients from precipitation due to emission from industrial waste of which atmosphere can act as a source in this case. In combination with this, weathering of rocks can act as a source of nutrient for water body pollution if it does so for a long time. On the other hand, farm practices may lead to nutrient pollution of water bodies when they are washed down. In this respect, sources of excess nutrients in the water emanate from overuse of fertilizers by farmers, atmospheric contaminants from automobiles, factories and bakeries. As well, the improperly disposed industrial wastes may lead to excess nutrient water pollution along with poor agricultural practices by farmers.