Sectionalism is defined as giving primary devotion to a region and not to the country as a whole. In the 1800’s in America, sectionalism referred to the diverse social structures, political standards, economies and norms of both the North and the South. It increased gradually from 1800 to 1860 as the North was already with no slavery, mechanized, residential and built successful plantations, where the Deep South was focused on the farm agriculture grounded on the slave labor, hand in hand with substance agribusiness for the whites who were poor, thus the South extended into rich new lands in the Southwest that is from Alabama to Texas. Nevertheless, slavery dropped in the Border States plus could hardly outlive in towns and industrialized parts, such as it was waning out in towns like St. Louis, Baltimore and Louisville, and therefore the South grounded on slavery was non-industrial and rural (Russell 1). The demand for the cotton has increased and the price of slaves also soared. Historians have argued whether economic disparities between industrial Northeast and the farming South aided to trigger the Civil War. Many historians now do not agree with the economic determinism of Charles Beard, the historian in the 1920s, and stress that the Southern and Northern economies were generally complementary. Nevertheless, some other historians agree that cultural and social institutes were diverse both in the North and the South. In the South the rich people were having all the good lands, leaving the deprived white agriculturalists with small pieces of land of low outputs. Fears of slave rebellions and abolitionist propaganda made the South aggressively hostile to suspicious ideas.
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During the period from 1789 to 1860, the United States of America experienced political, economic and social changes which affected the North and the South in various ways. The economy of the South depended mainly on slaves. Its settlers had cotton farms and were very productive at that time, but they needed inexpensive workforce to work on their lands. Therefore, living in the Southern part of the country meant either a person has a lot of cash to invest in the lands or the farm works were performed by slaves. Since just few people had enough cash or were willing to work as slaves, most decided to migrate to the North in order to hunt for job opportunities there. This led to variances in terms of populace, for example the North developed much faster than the South. Moreover, black populace was more concentrated in the South because its economy was depending on the black slaves.
The economy of the North was developing due to the business, manufacturing, investment and industry. Thus, its economy was more diversified and various jobs were available, such as mechanists, farmers and manufacturers. Since the economic activity was better and developed very fast, the North turned out to be the most populous area of the nations. Thus it became more industrial and mechanized than the South because of the fact there were almost no slaves in this area, the white populace has been more developed. Colonists also settled in this area for the similar economics reasons. The number of the populace affected some specific facets, such as development of institutions, factories and infrastructures. Therefore, there were more institutions in the North, such as schools, hospitals and churches, which means that the North turned out to be more literate because of these educational services than the South.
In the years from 1607 to 1875 Americans had tension between desire for economic opportunities and desire for economic stability; this included overcrowding, competition and religion (Russell 5). Americans, especially from the Northern part, experienced a dramatic populace boom, which led to the economic and social upheaval, such as drop in wages and peasants were losing their lands. The American government was more concerned about losing ground in the antagonism against Spanish for overall authority and against the Dutch for doing business, because they had colonies and it was just likely that Americans would need them as well. In religious activities it got used more in the prospective of colonialists than of the government. Besides, in the year 1533 Henry VIII split from the church and established the Anglican Church, which then was taken over by Queen Elizabeth who turned it towards protestant side. This resulted into the formation of several English Calvinist groups, which had a feeling that these formations should go beyond, but with the Stuarts the church turned back to Catholicism and most of the Calvinists were forced to run off in the 1620s to evade persecution.
In conclusion, the sectionalism made the Southern and Northern areas differ in various ways such as economic, religious, social and political. Sectionalism has also made the Northern part develop faster than the Southern.