Cubism was inspired by Pablo Picasso who was a Spaniard and Georges Braque who lived 1881-1973. Cubism was a radical form of art that was formed in response to the tensions brought about by imperialism. Imperialism led to Africa being divided among major world powers today, and this was in search of raw materials (Robinson, 2006). The word cubism however, can be traced back to the 1869-1954 through the handwork of Henri Matisse, who reported in 1908 that George Braque had submitted paintings “with little cubes” (Gantefuhrer, 2004). As a result, George Braque was the one who was reported as having created the first cubist painting; which had two ascending lines that met at the top and in between them several cubes.
From 1909, the new style of art was then attributed to the works of Picasso and Braque without their having played a part in the term. The only relationship that Braque and Picasso had is that they both created works of art that depicted cubes. They were also going against what was being brought about by imperialism. Having been born a year apart, it would explain why they showed their feelings through a piece of work that was against the current social order. It would be seen as if it was both political and social. This is because their ideas emerged at a time when their countries were interested in colonies in Africa, where they could get raw materials. Again, they were sending out a social message about the current world order, which was far from what was normal according to them. Picasso termed it as an expression of what they felt inside at that time without any influence from anyone.
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“Cubism has tangible goals. We see it only as a means of expressing what we perceive with the eye and the spirit while all the possibilities that lie within the natural properties of drawing and color that became a source of unexpected joy of us”. Pablo Picasso
Cubism is an impressionist type of art that ignore the rules of perception of space, natural colors and how bodies are interpreted in their natural properties. All the shapes that appear in the piece of art works can be related to cone, a sphere and a cylinder (Gantefuhrer, 2004). It was begun in 1860- 1870, and it turned away from topics illustrated and full of meaning and begun a portrayal of scenes from everyday with a more natural tone and seemingly lighter. It accentuated sources of natural light as the main objective (Appolinaire, Eimert & Podoksik, 2010). It mixes both two dimensional and three dimensional figures and brings about a simultaneous unity of different perspectives. This then leads to the illusion of space and plasticity taking a second place to the question of how structures and forms are represented. It uses the expressions and dynamics of colors that are pure and dispenses them with modeling light and colors of shadows (Appolinaire, Eimert & Podoksik, 2010).
It is viewed as a base of science that allows the artist to have a base in efforts upon a reliable system that is coordinating (Appolinaire, Eimert & Podoksik, 2010). It is not based on imitation of art, but it is mainly imaginative. As a result, the artist paints what he translates from the world in his own perceptions. This enables the artist to tell his story from his point of view and in regard to what the scene might have invoked. This is because it brings several perspectives from the position the artist was viewing the subject therefore creating facets and surfaces that are indefinite (Gantefuhrer, 2004).
The cubist type of art uses collage; which take into account new materials with a new style. It uses fabric, wax cloth, wallpaper scraps and shreds of newspapers to create fine art. The textures that are pure are contrasted with one another, and this forms a work of art that is coherent. It also brings out the idea of the artist so that the work can be understood by the viewers. Collage also transforms two dimensional art works into three dimensional art works (Gantefuhrer, 2004). The colors used are dominated with brown, grey and hues of blue. It also used real life pictures in its theme and these were expressed using two dimensional objects that gave way to three dimensional objects. The cubist paintings were not painted in the open air. They were also not painted from reality but from imagination. This gave them a synthetic movement that was joined; it was not a work of art that constituted taking objects apart.
The artists behind this form of art, cubism, led to a movement, which was joined in by others later. This saw to it the evolution of language of shape by Jean Metzinger, and Albert Gleizes and Mareet Duchamp. It also led to analytical cubism by Cezzane, which was a form of art that used light and refraction. This also saw to it the rise of Orphic cubism of Robert Delaunay. This form of Orphic cubism brought an orchestration of color. Therefore, the movement that began with cubism, even though thought to go against all the principles and perceptions of art did not stop with Picasso and Braque. Instead, their legacy was carried on by other artists who believed in expressing themselves. This other artists, up to 1912, were still coming up with more forms of art in the line of cubism to complement analytical cubism (Gantefuhrer, 2004).
Cubism as a type of art is imaginative. It brings experiences of the events that occur every day at the point of view of the artist. It does not pay attention to how space, color and bodies are represented naturally. It is not abstract by any means, but it is rather expressive. By mixing three dimensional and two dimensional artwork, it brings out the idea of space that the artist wanted to create. Not having a defined way of illustrating topics makes it less complicated for the observer to look at the work and interpret it the way they see it. It therefore leaves a balance form the norm and creates a new way of art in which the viewer can relate experiences to what is illustrated in the artwork.
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Cubism is a form of artwork that is representational. The movement is significant because it is among the key periods in the world that led to trade among different countries and more importantly the discovery of Africa, for its raw materials. This type of artwork is creative because it uses the idea of cubes to give a story. It is innovative because it disrupts the normal forms of art in creating illusions of space and time and time and disregards their natural forms. It ignites the viewer to think about the message that was brought about in the work as well as the thoughts and the ideas of the artists at the time when the work was created. It brings in a feeling of life and realism. The work is aesthetic because it is real, or rather creates an idea of it being real through the two dimensions and three dimensions it uses. The only critique for this work is that, in the later life like the 21st century, it has not played a big part. It has not inspired out of the box thinking like it was the case in the 1900.