Gary B. Nash, a much worldwide admired historian, wrote the book named Red, White, and Black: wrote the book named Red, White, and Black: The People of Early North America”, where he acutely presented the communications and exchanges during the colonial and revolutionary period between the Native Americans, African Americans, and Euro Americans. The critical intercommunications between the peoples of North America has been exposed in this book by demonstrating the easiness of their interrelations in the initial two centuries of European and African existence to build up a fuller, deeper understanding of the nation's keystone. On the basis of the theoretical approach Nash aimed to reveal the complexities of the experiences of any group and spacious variety existed inside and among those peoples of the Eastern North American. Nash in this book proved that in the modern world to be a rich greed and hopes was one of the helpful aspects that persuaded the Europeans to compose the horrible journey over the Atlantic. This contrasted sharply with the situation of the mulatto in almost every other part of the new world (Nash 288)
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Writing this book is one kind of exploratory research, where the author used many secondary sources to accomplish his actual objective. It is a fine researched explanation of lives on the early American border, and the intercommunication between diverse cultures. The author watched many videos and gone through many articles, books as the sources of information for the book.
Gary B. Nash in his book “Red, White, and Black” obtained diverse viewpoint regarding the people in the North America throughout a couple of centuries directing in the direction of the American Revolution. Red, White, and Black Gary B. Nash By the eve of the Revolution, three large and distinct cultural groups, each with many subgroups, peopled the Atlantic (Aaron 55). Nash tried to show that all the people including Africans, Europeans, and Indians are somehow responsible for the construction and destruction of North America. However, this book briefly covered the way for America not mentioning any vital part where Indians and Africans played in it. How the colonial American people are interacted together influenced by the factors such as money, trade, war, and labor has been shown. Nash demonstrated that everything in colonial America happened by the people there but not by chance. And Nash proved that behind everything of this the main inspiring factor was the money, which motivated them to make a voyage over the Atlantic. Spanish and Portuguese were the initiator for expanding towards the America and Nash proved that money was the most motivating factor from it; as he demonstrated the discover of gold and silver by the Spanish, when many innovative young Spanish of lesser nobility group initiated transatlantic adventure. At the side of money Nash shown that the intermingling with the Native Americans was another reason to cross over from Europe. Communication was established between them due to their involvement in trade with the Indians. In case of trade, Nash disproved Indians’ chauvinism by explaining that they were not either stupid or just as smart as the whites. Indians had the exact knowledge of trading as well as desire to make money as the whites did. All European did not adopt same strategy for trading and interacting with Indians. The English were not much interested to mingle with the Indians since they believe that the Indians had nothing special to propose them. Conversely, the Dutch and French were fundamentally involved with trapping wild animals and fishing, and for trading those depended on the Native Americans. The Dutch and French were a minor group in number, as why they had to maintain a good friendship with the native peoples close to them for entertaining their least hope to survive. Nash expressed important points by showing that the Dutch and French had willingness to get married more with the Indians but not the English. Nash has focused two major motives for that, firstly they preferred it for built good trade relations with the Indians. Secondly in contrast to the English women the Dutch and French brought over hardly any women since the women was greatly needed. Nash shown that intermarriage was so general attitude then due to the smallest number of Women in the community and for this by 1676 many people used to believe that Indian blood is moving through the veins of almost all French. Spanish and Portuguese were adopting the similar way for interacting with the natives, but somehow in a dissimilar way than the Dutch and French adopted. Originally the Spanish came into the America with two unlike jobs, either as soldiers or as missionaries. Their target was not only towards the gold in Central and South America, but also towards the conversion of the natives into Catholicism. Nash defined this approach as a Spaniards Catholic campaign. To achieve the assistance of the natives for achieving their plan missionaries was much effective rather than the soldiers and the Spanish friars were acknowledged as more helpful to reach the Indians’ souls. Nash successfully showed the significance of trade for intermingling Europeans and Indians for vast interaction. Nash also considered the war as another reason responsible for the intermingling of two dissimilar nations in trades and culture. Many other historians said that the wars went through the colonial age nothing but the actions of the Europeans. Nash did not showed much involvement of natives with the war and where Indians had an aggressive role in it, but he proved their equal footing, when a came down to conflict between the two. Nash proved that the English did not induce the Indians, but they involved themselves into it. Nash stated that the Indians were being self weakened gradually for fighting with other Indians and was incapable to establish a more enormous force through getting together. Many people think that the poor Indians were completely incapable for fighting against the Europeans. But in truth, Indians had a great possibility to defeat the Europeans, but they did not do it due to their own mistake and get destroyed. The Europeans happened frequent genocide with the Indians during the war. The entire groups of community would be abolished, particularly along the coastline of New England. Europeans used genocide as a vital tool in war, at the same time they would also use showing panic to their labor force. Labor is another part to the combination sphere of Indians, Europeans, and Africans. After finding the revenue in Tobacco, Europeans necessarily tried to discover a method to utilize the resources with a most proficient style. In the North America Slavery was burdensome to be sure, but its roughest characteristics were alleviated through the nonexistence of death dealing with gang labor in the fields, through the approximate living association between masters and the bond persons, and, through the great extent of mobility and privileges within the cities that slaves slowly squeezed tightly with the master class. Consistently slavery established intercommunication between three nations: African, Indian, and European. From the view point of Nash it was happened significantly through sex. Several times in the book he said about how masters had sex with the slaves, and how African slaves blended their blood with a slave or refugee Indian. Gary Nash has provided such an explanation and stories regarding the people of early North American, which many do not frequently seen. However Nash showed, most of the intercommunication among the three groups of nations established through trade, war, and slave labor. He pointed out another thing that not only the Europeans hold all the control of trade, war, and labor, but Africans and particularly the Indians had a key role in those too.
Reading this book may be treated as a boring job than any other history book, if the reader has a little interest about the American History. Except the interest some people may read the book for the academic purpose. However I do not think that this is a difficult task to go through this book, furthermore this is a pretty easy to get through. I don’t agree with those who claimed that this book deteriorated the Europeans’ image, but this book enables a reader to evaluate that period of time from several view points. The most unbiased contribution of this book is that it did not highlighted the Europeans from a single community, but from diverse European communities such as the English, Dutch, French, and Spanish, and they all had unlike interaction with the diverse native citizens of what would become the eastern United States.
Nash described the Colonial America very systematically as an eyewitness of entire action rather than as a bias European. Nash has identified the distinctions between the slavery of extremely inhabited plantations and the minor inhabited house servants. The plantation slaves have been defined as gang slaver was a lot violent and Nash said that slavery within the house wasn’t all that bad. I have found a wrong with Gary Nash that he made some type of slavery sound okay. But I did not understand how he did it. Because whatever is said the sound of slavery can never be okay. Nash took long time to accomplish the book since he encompassed the history about almost two centuries and successfully portrayed appearance of slavery and the critical interactions between many nations in the North America.