Nicholas Copernicus was born in February 19, 1473, Torun in Poland. He was well educated in the University of Krakow and Padua and studied medicine. He started to believe of the earth going round the sun at around 1507 and from then until his death he worked hard to prove this theory. Due to fear of being accused of heresy by the church, he delayed publication of this exposition on the rotation of the sun. Copernicus died on May 24, 1543, just when his book had been published; he only saw the book in his deathbed (Munitz 1965).
In the book On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres Copernicus presented a heliocentric model which brought about the paradigm shift from the Ptolemaic model which claimed that the centre of the universe was the earth. In the heliocentric model, the sun was the centre of the solar system. In the heliocentric model developed by Copernicus; the earth rotates daily on its axis and revolves around the sun yearly. He also claimed that other planets circle around the earth, as the earth rotates it wobbles. He also claimed that planets with bigger radius take more time to complete a movement around the sun. the development of this theory can be considered to be the turning point of the industrial revolution (Mcgrew 2009).
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Though Copernicus had made a great work , a vast majority of Copernicus contemporaries were implausible by most astronomers and also the then natural philosophers but his work was first recognized in the middle of the seventeenth century. Strong theoretical understanding to the Copernican theory was provided by Sir Isaac Newton's theory which was referred to as the theory of universal gratification.